General Topics

International Maritime Organization

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for the regulation of international shipping. It was established in 1948 with the aim of improving

Types of Crude Oil Tankers

Crude oil is one of the most valuable commodities in the world, and transporting it requires specialized vessels known as crude oil carriers or tankers. These massive ships are designed

Houston Ship Channel

The Houston Ship Channel is a long deepwater ship channel or waterway located in Houston, Texas. It is one of the busiest waterways in the United States, handling over 200

Integrated Oil and Gas Company

An integrated oil and gas company is a large organization that is involved in every stage of the oil and gas production process. This means that they have the capability

Oil and Gas Upstream Operations

Oil and gas upstream operations are a crucial component of the global energy industry, responsible for extracting and producing the fossil fuels that power much of the world’s economies. The

Le Chatelier’s Principle Explanation and Applications

Le Chatelier’s Principle, named after French chemist Henri Louis Le Chatelier, states that when a system at equilibrium is subjected to a change in conditions (such as temperature, pressure, concentration,

Olefins in Petroleum Refinery

Olefins, also called alkenes or alkynes are compounds made up of hydrogen and carbon that contains one or more pairs of carbon atoms linked by double or triple bonds. Olefins do

Water Gas Shift Reaction Applications

The water-gas shift reaction, also known as the carbon monoxide-water shift reaction, is a chemical reaction in which carbon monoxide and water react to form carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Water

Properties of Aromatics Hydrocarbons

Aromatics compounds are a class of organic groups that are characterized by a specific type of ring structure known as an aromatic ring or an arene. The most well-known and