Hydroprocessing

An F-N curve is a graphical representation that plots the cumulative frequency (F) versus the number of fatalities (N). This curve helps assess and compare risks by incorporating multiple scenarios

A slurry phase reactor (SPR) is used in petroleum refineries for the hydroprocessing of feeds with very high metal content to obtain lower-boiling products. This technology adopts severe operating conditions

Hydrotreating and Hydrocracking are among the oldest catalytic processes used in petroleum refining. They were originally employed by I.G Farben in Germany in 1927 for converting lignite to gasoline and

In petroleum refineries, hydroprocessing is a catalytic process in the presence of Hydrogen to stabilize petroleum products, remove objectionable elements from feedstocks, and crack heavy hydrocarbons into useful lighter products.

The operating conditions of Hydroprocessing units make them vulnerable to various corrosion phenomena. The severity of the hydroprocessing units in petroleum refineries has increased due to higher levels of sulfur

In Hydroprocessing units the feed filtration system removes solid particles and contaminants from the feedstock before it enters the hydroprocessing reactor. It is important to remove the particulates from the

The feedstock of hydroprocessing units contain a sufficient amount of Sulfur and Nitrogen. These Sulfur and Nitrogen are converted to hydrogen sulfide and ammonia in the reactor. As the reactor

Polynuclear aromatics (PNAs), also known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) or polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), are a group of organic compounds that consist of fused aromatic rings. They are formed by