Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) is a widely used risk assessment method that helps industries evaluate and manage process safety risks. It offers a structured approach to assessing hazards and

Industry Failure Databases Challenges  Several industry failure databases compile failure records, estimate operational time, and calculate failure rates. This data is then published in books or stored in computer databases.

Instrumentation equipment can fail in various ways, commonly referred to as “failure modes.” For example, a two-wire pressure transmitter, designed to provide a 4–20 milliamp signal proportional to the pressure

Reliability is a crucial aspect of any system, especially in industries where operational efficiency and safety are critical. Whether it’s an aircraft in flight, an unmanned space mission, or industrial

BPCS vs SIS: Understanding the Key Differences When it comes to process control and safety in industrial environments, two critical systems come into play: the Basic Process Control System (BPCS)

Understanding Architectural Constraints in Functional Safety In the world of functional safety, ensuring that systems operate reliably under all circumstances is paramount. One key concept in achieving this reliability is

Common cause failure is the failure of more than one component, item, or system due to the same cause or initiating event. It is particularly important to look for common