Petroleum Refinery Processes

Catalytic cracking of heavy hydrocarbons in the presence of hydrogen is known as hydrocracking. The hydrocracking process converts heavy, high-boiling petroleum feedstock into lighter products (naphtha, kerosene, diesel, etc.) or

The amine treating process is a crucial component of refining operations, specifically designed to remove hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and other acid gases from off-gases in the refinery. By employing a

The vacuum distillation unit is designed to process the reduced crude from the atmospheric crude distillation tower bottom in the presence of a vacuum. The Vacuum Distillation Unit separates the reduced crude

Metal Catalyzed Coking  (MCC) or Metal Carburization is a process in which carbon present in the hydrocarbon feeds is absorbed into a hot metal surface at elevated temperatures and low

Metals are permanent poisons for the naphtha reforming catalysts and irreversibly damage the catalyst. Most metals poison the metal functions of the catalyst. Metals impact tends to progress sequentially through

The acidity of the naphtha reforming catalyst is controlled by the moisture in the feed and the chloride level on the catalyst. An increase in the feed moisture will strip

Sulfur is the most common impurity present in the feed of the naphtha reforming unit. The maximum allowable concentration is nearly 0.5 weight ppm expressed as S. Sulfur is poison

Nitrogen is a temporary acid function poison of naphtha reforming Platinum catalyst. Reformer feed nitrogen is normally controlled at 0.1~0.5 wppm and is less frequently present in the reforming feed.