The answer to your first question is, the following are some major properties which we have to be verified before shipment,
1. Specific gravity 2. Reid Vapour pressure 3. Octane no. (RON) 4. Color 5. Distillation 6. Total Sulfur 7. COpper corrosion test.
Springer handbook of petroleum technology by Chang Samuel Hsu, Paul R. Robinson (Eds.) is a very good book to guide about gasoline. Download the book from the link below.