Integrated Oil and Gas Company
An integrated oil and gas company is a large organization that is involved in every stage of the oil and gas production process. This means that they have the capability
Oil and Gas Upstream Operations
Oil and gas upstream operations are a crucial component of the global energy industry, responsible for extracting and producing the fossil fuels that power much of the world’s economies. The
Le Chatelier’s Principle Explanation and Applications
Le Chatelier’s Principle, named after French chemist Henri Louis Le Chatelier, states that when a system at equilibrium is subjected to a change in conditions (such as temperature, pressure, concentration,
Weighted Average Bed Temperature Meaning, Significance and Measurement
The weighted average bed temperature or WABT describes the representative temperature of a catalytic reactor which has increasing or decreasing temperature from top to bottom of the reactor. The term “weighted”
Volatile Organic Compounds Sources and Control Measures
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a group of organic chemicals that have high vapour pressure and low water solubility at room temperature. The high vapour pressure of VOCs results due
Flaring in Petroleum Refinery
The flaring process in oil refineries refers to the controlled and safe burning of the waste gases that are produced during various refining processes. By burning the hydrocarbon vapours the
Olefins in Petroleum Refinery
Olefins, also called alkenes or alkynes are compounds made up of hydrogen and carbon that contains one or more pairs of carbon atoms linked by double or triple bonds. Olefins do
Acid Gas in Petroleum Refinery
In petroleum refining, acid gas refers to a mixture of gases that form acids in a solution with water. The most common types of acid gas are carbon dioxide (CO2)
Tail Gas Treatment in Sulfur Recovery Unit
The Sulfur Recovery Unit (SRU) in a Petroleum Refinery is designed to remove H2S from sour gases originating in the various refinery processes and convert them to industrial-grade molten sulfur. The process
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